Fig. 3

Vectorial LC-holographic lunar phases encoded with continuously varied polarization and amplitude distributions. a–e Target intensity and phase difference distribution for LC superstructures (a, b) I and (d, e) II. The double-sided arrows denote typical LP states with different amplitudes at different positions. The continuously varied LPs cover the equator of the Poincaré sphere. f–s, Experimental results of vectorial holographic images reconstructed from LC superstructures I and II for incident light with different polarizations. The circles with arrows denote the CP with different helicities and amplitudes. The lengths and directions of arrows indicate the amplitudes and polarizations of LP. The pentagrams represent the darkest position on the holographic image. The holographic images in blue boxes are selected to constitute the full phase diagram of the moon