Fig. 5

a Photograph and b schematic illustration of the integrated fluidic device consisting of a water tank and 3D trench-like PMRC film. c Measured ambient temperatures (black line) and temperatures of the shell of the fluidic device (orange line), the cooling film on the surface of the fluidic device (blue line), and the water inside the fluidic device (green line) in the nighttime. d The calculated cooling power of the integrated fluidic device in the nighttime. Measured e ambient temperatures (black line) and temperatures of the water inside the integrated fluidic device (green line), the water inside the fluidic device without attaching PMRC (purple line), and f solar irradiance, during the daytime in Weihai city. g Photograph of people wearing COVID protective clothing (right) and protective clothing attached to PMRC film (left). h Measured ambient temperatures (black line), the temperatures inside the protective clothing (red line), and the temperatures inside protective clothing with PMRC film (blue line) at midday. i Photograph, j thermal image, and k measured temperatures of the PMRC film on the surface of a car hood on a clear sky day. The shaded beige areas in h and k are the measured solar irradiance