Fig. 1

Schematic of the main content of this study. a The presence of extracellular β-amyloid deposition as neuritic plaques and the intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau as neuro fibrillary tangles remain the primary neuropathologic features for AD diagnosis, and the amyloid deposition begins with the conversion of native monomers with more α-helices to an alternative conformation with β-sheet that self-associate into ordered assemblies. b A terahertz (THz) wave at a frequency of 34.88 THz delays the fibrosis dynamic curve. c The wave decreased the aggregation speed to 80% of the case without the wave. d The wave promotes cell proliferation. e The wave loosens the dense protein conformation with transformed β-sheets to a structure with more coil and bend regions