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Fig. 1

From: Upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution quantification of single small extracellular vesicles

Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for the super-resolution quantification of surface biomarkers on single tumour cell-derived small EVs. a sEVs carrying heterogeneous distribution of biomarkers are released from the tumour cell. b sEVs can be captured on an antibody-coated plate and labelled by UCNPs. c UCNPs -EV conjugates detected as single bright spots with different intensities can be super-resolved in super-resolution nanoscopy

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