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Fig. 4 | eLight

Fig. 4

From: Scalar optical hopfions

Fig. 4

Schematic of the experimental setup for the generation and characterization of optical hopfions. A chirped pulse is transformed to a STOV by the use of a two-dimensional pulse shaper, elongated to a STOV tube and conformally mapped to an optical hopfion. BS: beam splitter; SLM: spatial light modulator

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